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Institutional History
AbstractPast PresidentsImportant DatesPlacesSubjectsCitationsRelationships
PeopleInstitutionsResources
Archival as AuthorArchival as SubjectPublished as AuthorPublished as SubjectNational Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
Dates
March 3, 1863 – present
Authorized Form of Name
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
Additional Forms of Names
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
National Academy of Sciences Washington, DC
Institutional History
Abstract
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) was established by an act of Congress in 1863 as a private, honorific institution charged with providing independent advice on science and technology to the federal government. Joseph Henry, first Secretary of the Smithsonian, was a force behind its creation.
Past Presidents
1863-67, Alexander Dallas Bache
1868-78, Joseph Henry
1879-82, William Barton Rogers
1883-95, Othniel Charles Marsh
1895-1900, Wolcott Gibbs
1901-07, Alexander Agassiz
1907-13, Ira Remsen
1913-17, William Henry Welch
1917-23, Charles Doolittle Walcott
1923-27, Albert Abraham Michelson
1927-31, Thomas Hunt Morgan
1931-35, William Wallace Campbell
1935-39, Frank Rattray Lillie
1939-47, Frank Baldwin Jewett
1947-50, Alfred Newton Richards
1950-62, Detlev Wulf Bronk
1962-69, Frederick Seitz
1969-81, Philip Handler
1981-93, Frank Press
1993-2005, Bruce Michael Alberts
2005-present, Ralph J. Cicerone
Important Dates
1863 – 1924Offices located in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington (D.C.).
March 3, 1863Senator Henry Wilson drafted a bill for the incorporation of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), which passed the Senate and House of Representatives and was signed into law by President Lincoln, Washington (D.C.).
1871Prepared instructions for the scientific activities of the Polaris expedition toward the North Pole.
1873Prepared instructions for the exploration of the newly created Yellowstone National Park.
1877First "Biographical Memoirs" are published, providing the life histories and selected bibliographies of deceased National Academy of Sciences (NAS) members, written by colleagues.
1886First Henry Draper Medal for an original investigation in astronomical physics.
1887First James Craig Watson Medal for contributions to the science of astronomy.
1888First J. Lawrence Smith Medal for original investigations of meteoric bodies.
1913First Alexander Agassiz Medal for an original contribution in the science of oceanography.
1913First Comstock Prize in Physics for a North American resident for a recent discovery or investigation in electricity, magnetism, or radiant energy.
April 22, 1913 – April 24, 1913Semi-Centennial Meeting held at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington (D.C.).
1914First Public Welfare Medal for distinguished contributions in the application of science to the public welfare.
1914"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" (PNAS) established to cover the biological, physical, and social sciences.
1916National Research Council (NRC) established at the request of President Wilson to recruit specialists in science and technology to advise on military preparedness.
1917First Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal for published work in zoology or paleontology.
1921First Mary Clark Thompson Medal for important services to geology and paleontology.
April 28, 1924Main building dedicated, Washington (D.C.).
1932First John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science for distinguished accomplishments in any field of science within the charter of the Academy.
1934 – 2007The Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal for research on Cambrian or pre-Cambrian life is awarded.
1947The American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS), a non-profit scientific association dedicated to advancing biological research and education, is founded as part of the National Academy of Sciences. It became an independent organization in the 1950s.
1952First Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal for contributions to the medical sciences.
1955 – 1970Kimber Genetics Award for distinguished achievement in the field of animal or plant genetics is awarded.
1962First NAS Award in Molecular Biology for a recent notable discovery in molecular biology by a young scientist, defined as no older than 45, who is a citizen of the United States.
October 21, 1963 – October 24, 1963Centennial Meeting held at Constitution Hall, Washington (D.C.).
1964National Academy of Engineering (NAE) established.
1964 – 1974Coordinator for the International Biological Program in the U.S.
1965First Gibbs Brothers Medal for outstanding contributions in the field of naval architecture and marine engineering.
1968First Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology for excellence in the field of microbiology.
1968First J. C. Hunsaker Award in Aeronatuical Engineering.
1969First Arctowski Medal for outstanding contributions to the study of solar physics and solar terrestrial relationships.
1969First G. K. Warren Prize for distinguished accomplishment in fluviatile geology.
1970Institute of Medicine (IOM) established.
1971 – 1980NAS Award for Environmental Quality for outstanding contributions based in science or technology to improve the quality of the environment or in the control of its pollution by man.
1972First Arthur L. Day Prize and Lectureship for lasting contributions to the study of the physics of the Earth.
1972 – 2005NAS Award in Applied Mathematics and Numerical Analysis for outstanding work in applied mathematics and numerical analysis conducted in North America.
1979First Gilbert Morgan Smith Medal for published research on marine or freshwater algae.
1979First NAS Award for Scientific Reviewing for authors who have performed significant service to science and their fellow scientists in writing scientific reviews that have influenced the course of scientific thinking.
1979First NAS Award in Chemical Sciences for innovative research in the chemical sciences that contributes to a better understanding of the natural sciences to the benefit of humanity.
1979First Richard Lounsbery Award given alternately to young French and American scientists for extraordinary scientific achievement in biology and medicine. The award is administered alternately by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the French Academie des Sciences.
1981First William O. Baker Award for Initiatives in Research for innovative young scientists, preferably 35 years or younger and a U.S. resident, and to encourage research likely to lead toward new capabilities for human benefit.
1984First Troland Research Awards, two annually, to young investigators, age 40 or younger, for unusual achivement and further empirical research in psychology regarding the relationships of consciousness and the physical world.
1988First NAS Award in the Neurosciences for extraordinary contributions to progress in the fields of neuroscience, including neurochemistry, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, developmental neuroscience, neuroanatomy, and behavioral and clinical neuroscience.
1988First NAS Award in Mathematics for excellence of research in the mathematical sciences published within the past ten years.
1990First NAS Award for Behavioral Research Relevant to the Prevention of Nuclear War for basic research in any field of cognitive or behavioral science that uses rigorous formal and empirical methods to advance understanding of issues relating to the risk of nuclear war.
1990First NAS Award for the Industrial Application of Science for original scientific work of intrinsic importance and with beneficial applications in industry.
1991First NAS Award for Chemistry in Service to Society for contributions to chemistry, either in fundamental science or its application, that clearly satisfy a societal need.
1996"Issues in Science and Technology" established as a forum for discussion of public policy related to science, engineering, and medicine.
1998First Alexander Hollaender Award for outstanding contributions in biophysics.
2004The Koshland Science Museum is opened, Washington (D.C.).
October 2008The NAS Award in Early Earth and Life Sciences established. Previously this had been the Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal for research on Cambrian or pre-Cambrian life and the Stanley Miller Medal for research on Earth's early development as a planet. The award rotates presentation between the two former medals.
2012First Pradel Research Award to recognize and further outstanding research in neuroscience.
October 16, 2013 – October 18, 2013Sesquicentennial Meeting held at the National Academy of Sciences building, Washington (D.C.).
2014Endowment created for the NAS Award for Scientific Discovery through a gift from the Research Corporation for Science Advancement (RCSA). Presented for an accomplishment or discovery in basic research within the past five years.
2014First NAS Prize in Psychological and Cognitive Sciences for significant advances in the psychological and cognitive sciences with important implications for formal and systemtic theory in these fields.
Places
Formation
Meeting
Headquarters
Subjects
Citations
History section of National Academy of Sciences website.
Relationships
People
Employees & Officers
Member, Council.
Member, Solid State Sciences Subcommittee, Board of Physics and Astronomy.
Agassiz, Alexander, 1835-1910
President.
Alberts, Bruce
President.
Anderson, Carl D. (Carl David), 1905-1991
Chair, Physics Section.
Anderson, P. W. (Philip W.), 1923-
Member, Council.
Member, High Temperature Superconductivity Committee.
Bache, A. D. (Alexander Dallas), 1806-1867
President.
Chair, Section on Astronomy; Chair, Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee; and Chair, Panel on Neutrino Astrophysics.
Barschall, H. H. (Henry Herman), 1915-1997
Member and Chair, Physics Section.
Bennett, Charles L. (Charles Leonard), 1956-
Member, Committee on Astronomy and Astrophysics; Member, Space Studies Board; Awarded 2009 Comstock Prize in Physics; and Co-Chair, Committee on Astronomy and Astrophysics.
Berkner, Lloyd V. (Lloyd Viel), 1905-1967
Member and Chair, Space Science Board.
Member of Instrumentation Panel and member of Interfaces & Applications Panel, physics survey.
Bronk, Detlev W. (Detlev Wulf), 1897-1975
President.
Chair, Committee on Science and Public Policy.
Buckley, Oliver Ellsworth, 1887-1959
Member, Advisory Committee on Uranium Research.
Campbell, William Wallace, 1862-1938
President.
Member, Solid State Sciences Committee.
Chamberlain, Joseph W. (Joseph Wyan), 1928-2004
Chair, Astronomy Section.
Chair, United States National Committee on Global Atmospheric Research Progress.
Member and Chair, Advisory Committee on the USSR and Eastern Europe.
Member; Member, Committee on Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics; and Member, Executive Committee, Board on Physics and Astronomy.
Survey Director, Committee on the Survey Materials Science and Engineering; Member and Panel Chair, Committee on Mineral Resources and the Environment; and Member, National Materials Advisory Board.
Cicerone, Ralph J.
President.
Clemence, Gerald M. (Gerald Maurice), 1908-
Member and Chair, Board of Directors, B. A. Gould Fund.
Chairman, Condensed Matter Physics Search/Screening Committee.
Compton, Arthur Holly, 1892-1962
Member and Chair, Advisory Committee on Uranium Research.
Compton, K. T. (Karl Taylor), 1887-1954
Member and Chairman, Science Advisory Board.
Coolidge, William David, 1873-1975
Member, Advisory Committee on Uranium Research.
Member, Review Panel on the Fusion Energy Sciences Program.
Eisenhart, Luther Pfahler, 1876-1965
Chair, Section of Mathematics, Vice-President, and Member.
Member, Fire Research Committee.
Fleming, J. A. (John Adam), 1877-1956
Member.
Member of Space Science Board, Chair of Physics Section, Member of Council, Member, Committee on US-Soviet Cooperation in Physics, Chair, Office of Physical Science, and Member.
Chair, Physics Section, and Member, Committee on the USSR and Eastern Europe.
Member, Committee on International Security and Arms Control; Member, Ocean Studies Board; Member, Panel on the Government Role in Civilian Technology; Chair, Board on Sustainable Development; Chair, Board on Global Change, Commission on Geosciences Environment and Resources; and Member.
Member, Committee on High-Energy-Density Plasma Physics and Member.
Member, Advisory Committee to Air Force Systems Command.
Member; Chair, Astrophysics (Physics Section) Screening Panel; and Member, Council.
Member, Executive Committee, Space Studies Board and Member.
Member, International Advisory Board, Committee on International Programs.
Gibbs, Wolcott, 1822-1908
President.
Ginzton, Edward L. (Edward Leonard), 1915-1998
Chair, Committee on Motor Vehicle Emissions; Co-Chair, Committee on Nuclear Energy Study; Member, Committee on Science and National Security; Chair, Committee on Lab Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research; and Member.
Chair and member, Committee on International Security and Arms Control.
Member, Advisory Board, National Science Resources Center; Member, Governing Council; and Member.
Goodhue, Bertram Grosvenor, 1869-1924
Architect of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) main building.
Member, Board on Physics and Astronomy.
Handler, Philip, 1917-1981
President.
Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878
President.
Member, Advisory Committee, United States Office of Emergency Preparedness.
Exchange Fellow, Institute for Physical Problems, Moscow; Member, Committee on US-USSR Cooperation in Physics; and Chair, Physics Section.
Member, International Environmental Program Committee, and Chair, Committee on International Security and Arms Control.
Chair, Committee on Publication.
Jewett, Frank B. (Frank Baldwin), 1879-1949
President and Member.
Kemble, Edwin C. (Edwin Crawford), 1889-
Chair, Physics Section.
Member and Member, Space Science Board.
Kimble, H. Jeff (Harry Jeffrey), 1949-
Kistiakowsky, George B. (George Bogdan), 1900-1982
Member, Advisory Committee on Uranium Research; Chair, Committee on Science and Public Policy; Vice President.
Member, and Member, Board of Physics and Astronomy.
Member and Vice President.
Lawrence, Ernest Orlando, 1901-1958
Member and Member, Advisory Committee on Uranium Research.
Member, Basic Research Advisory Committee and Member and Secretary, Class III (Engineering and Applied Physical and Mathematical Sciences).
Lillie, Frank Rattray, 1870-1947
President.
Lin, C. C. (Chia-Chʻiao), 1916-2013
Member and Member, Committee on Support for Research in Mathematical Sciences.
MacDonald, Gordon J. (Gordon James), 1929-2002
Member and Member, Committee on Atmospheric Sciences.
Macdonald, J. Ross (James Ross), 1923-
Member; Member, Solid State Sciences Panel; Member, Committee on Science Engineering and Public Policy; Member, Commission on Physical Sciences Mathematics and Resources; Secretary, Class III; and Chair, Numerical Data Advisory Board, National Academy of Sciences-National Academy of Engineering.
Marsh, Othniel Charles, 1831-1899
President.
Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992
Member, Committee on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, National Academy of Sciences; Member, Council; and Member.
McMillan, Edwin M. (Edwin Mattison), 1907-
Chair, Class I.
Michelson, Albert A. (Albert Abraham), 1852-1931
President and awarded 1916 Draper Medal.
Millikan, Robert Andrews, 1868-1953
Member, chair of Physical Sciences Division and member of Executive Committee Board.
Morgan, Thomas Hunt, 1866-1945
President.
Member and Member, Advisory Committee on Uranium Research.
Nierenberg, William Aaron, 1919-2000
Member; Member, Council; and Chair, Carbon Dioxide Assessment Committee.
Chair, Subpanel on Atomic and Molecular Physics and Member. Advisory Panel to the National Bureau of Standards Atomic Physics Division.
Member and Member, Board of Physics and Astronomy.
Panofsky, Wolfgang K. H. (Wolfgang Kurt Hermann), 1919-2007
Member, Physics Survey Committee; Member and Chair, Senior Advisors, Committee on International Security and Arms Control; Member, Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China.
Parker, E. N. (Eugene Newman), 1927-
Chair, Astronomical Section.
Member and Space Sciences Board, Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration.
Pearson, Gerald L. (Gerald Leondus)
Member, Ad Hoc Committee on Materials and Processes Electronic Devices, National Materials Advisory Board.
Member; Chair, Panel on Condensed Matter Physics.
Member and Member, Solid State Sciences Committee.
Member, Physics Survey Committee.
President; Member; Member, Council Committee on National Science Policy; Member, Council; Chair, Council Committee on National Science Policy.
Member, Space Studies Board; Chair, Geophysics Section; Chair, Physical and Mathematical Sciences Class; Member, Steering Group on Future of Space Science; and Member, Polar Research Board.
Rabi, I. I. (Isidor Isaac), 1898-1988
Council member. Member, Committee to Explore the Role of Science in Foreign Relations.
Remsen, Ira, 1846-1927
President.
Richards, Alfred N. (Alfred Newton), 1876-1966
President.
Richardson, Robert C. (Robert Coleman), 1937-2013
Member; Chair, Physics Section; Secretary and Chair, Class I (Mathematical and Physical Sciences).
Richmond, Geraldine (Geraldine L.), 1953-
Member; Chair, Frontiers in Science Symposium; and Member, COSEPUP Committee on Women in Academic Science and Engineering.
Richtmyer, F. K. (Floyd Karker), 1881-1939
Member and served on council.
Rogers, William Barton, 1804-1882
President.
Member, Committee on High Energy Density Physics; Member, Space Studies Board; Member, Committee on Solar and Space Physics; Member, Committee on Plasma Science; and Member, Committee on Astronomy and Astrophysics.
Foreign Secretary.
Member, Governing Council.
President.
Office of Physical Science, National Research Council.
Simpson, John A. (John Alexander), 1916-2000
Member, Space Science Board.
Taylor, Joseph H. (Joseph Hooton)
Member, Radio Astronomy Panel, Astronomy Survey Committee.
Terman, Frederick Emmons, 1900-1982
Member; Member, Committee on Tests of Battery Additives; Chair, Engineering Section; and Member, Council.
Member; Member, Space Science Board; and Member, Committee on US-USSR Cooperation in Physics.
Council member, Chair of Space Science Board, and Chair of Committee on International Security and Arms Control.
Van Allen, James A. (James Alfred), 1914-2006
Member and Member, Space Science Board.
Van Vleck, J. H. (John Hasbrouck), 1899-1980
Member, Advisory Committee on Uranium Research.
Von Kármán, Theodore, 1881-1963
Member and Director, NAS-Air Research and Development Command Summer Study Groups.
Walcott, Charles D. (Charles Doolittle), 1850-1927
President.
Waterman, Alan Tower, 1892-1967
Consultant to the President.
Member, and Member, Space Science Board.
Welch, William Henry, 1850-1934
President.
Member and Member, Space Science Board.
Member and Chair, Panel of Theoretical Physics, Physics Survey Committee.
Associates & Members
Abrikosov, A. A. (Alekseĭ Alekseevich)
Adams, Leason Heberling, 1887-1969
Adams, Roger, 1889-1971
Allison, Samuel King, 1900-1965
Alpher, Ralph, 1921-2007
Arakawa, Akio
Bacher, Robert F. (Robert Fox), 1905-2004
Member.
Bain, Edgar Collins, 1891-1971
Bainbridge, Kenneth T. (Kenneth Tompkins), 1904-1996
Bargmann, V. (Valentine), 1908-1989
Barish, B. C. (Barry Clark), 1936-
Barton, Henry Askew, 1898-1983
Bascom, Willard
Beams, Jesse W. (Jesse Wakefield), 1898-1977
Awarded 1905 Barnard Medal.
Benedek, George Bernard, 1928-
Bethe, Hans A. (Hans Albrecht), 1906-2005
Bird, R. Byron (Robert Byron), 1924-
Member.
Birge, Raymond T. (Raymond Thayer), 1887-
Bjerknes, J. (Jacob Aall Bonnevie), 1897-1975
Bode, Hendrik W. (Hendrik Wade), 1905-1982
Bonner, Tom Wilkerson, 1910-1961
Bowhill, S. A.
Bragg, William Lawrence, Sir, 1890-1971
Awarded 1914 Bernard Medal.
Brattain, Walter H. (Walter Houser), 1902-1987
Bridgman, P. W. (Percy Williams), 1882-1961
Awarded the 1933 Comstock Prize.
Briggs, Lyman J. (Lyman James), 1874-1963
Brinkman, William F. (William Frank), 1938-
Brode, Robert B. (Robert Bigham), 1900-1986
Bromley, D. Allan (David Allan), 1926-2005
Brown, G. E. (Gerald Edward), 1926-
Bucher, Walter H. (Walter Herman), 1888-
Bugher, John C.
Byer, R. L. (Robert L.), 1942-
Carmichael, Leonard, 1898-1973
2005 John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science recipient.
Chalmers, Bruce
Chandrasekhar, S. (Subrahmanyan), 1910-1995
Clark, N. A. (Noel Anthony), 1940-
Foreign Associate.
Coblentz, William W. (William Weber), 1873-1962
Foreign Associate.
Collins, Samuel C. (Samuel Cornette)
Comstock, George C. (George Cary), 1855-1934
Conant, James Bryant, 1893-1978
Condon, Edward Uhler, 1902-1974
Conwell, Esther M. (Esther Marley), 1922-2014
Cool, Rodney L. (Rodney Lee), 1920-1988
Cooper, Leon N. (Leon Neil), 1930-
Cormack, Allan MacLeod, 1924-1998
Courant, Ernest D. (Ernest David), 1920-
Crane, H. R. (Horace Richard), 1907-2007
Daniels, Farrington, 1889-1972
Davisson, Clinton Joseph, 1881-1958
Dawson, J. M. (John Myrick), 1930-
Day, Arthur L. (Arthur Louis), 1869-1960
Debye, Peter J. W. (Peter Josef William), 1884-1966
Dennison, David M. (David Mathias), 1900-1976
DeWitt, Bryce S. (Bryce Seligman), 1923-2004
Dicke, Robert H. (Robert Henry)
Draper, Henry, 1837-1882
Drell, Sidney D. (Sidney David), 1926-
Drickamer, H. G. (Harry George), 1918-2002
Dryden, Hugh L. (Hugh Latimer), 1898-1965
DuBridge, Lee A. (Lee Alvin), 1901-1994
DuMond, Jesse W. M. (Jesse William Monroe), 1892-1976
Dunn, Floyd, 1924-
Dunning, John R. (John Ray), 1907-1975
Edgerton, Harold Eugene, 1903-1990
Eisenstein, James P. (James Philip)
Epstein, Paul S. (Paul Sophus), 1883-1966
Falicov, L. M. (Leopoldo Maximo), 1933-1995
Feigenbaum, Mitchell, 1944-2019
Field, George B., 1929-
Fisher, Michael E. (Michael Ellis)
Foreign Associate.
Fisk, James B. (James Brown), 1910-1981
Foote, Paul D. (Paul Darwin), 1888-1971
Frazer, John Fries, 1812-1872
Member, Space Science Board; Member, Committee on Science and Public Policy; Chair, Class I (Physical and Mathematical Sciences); Chair, International Relations Committee, Space Science Board; Member, Council; Member, Film Committee; Member, Space Studies Board.
Friedman, Jerome I. (Jerome Isaac), 1930-
Friedrichs, K. O. (Kurt Otto), 1901-1983
Frosch, Robert A. (Robert Alan), 1928-
Furnas, C. C. (Clifford Cook), 1900-1969
Geballe, Ronald, 1918-
Gerson, N. C.
Giauque, William F. (William Francis), 1895-1982
Gold, Thomas
Goldberg, Leo
Gordon, William Edwin, 1918-2010
Gor'kov, L. P. (Lev Petrovich), 1929-
Goudsmit, Samuel A. (Samuel Abraham), 1902-1978
Greenstein, Jesse L. (Jesse Leonard), 1909-2002
Gross, David J. (David Jonathan)
Gutowsky, Herbert Sander, 1919-
Hahn, E. L. (Erwin Louis), 1921-
Hale, George Ellery, 1868-1938
Hänsch, T. W. (Theo W.), 1941-
Awarded 1983 Comstock Prize in Physics.
Hansen, W. W. (William Webster), 1909-1949
Hauptman, Herbert A. (Herbert Aaron), 1917-2011
Haworth, Leland J. (Leland John), 1904-
Hellwarth, Robert Willis, 1930-2021
Herb, R. G. (Raymond George), 1908-1996
Herman, Robert, 1914-
Herring, William Conyers, 1914-
Herzfeld, Karl F. (Karl Ferdinand), 1892-
Hoddeson, Lillian
Holstein, Theodore David, 1915-1985
Foreign Associate.
Houston, W. V. (William Vermillion), 1900-
Hubbert, M. King (Marion King), 1903-1989
Member.
Hull, Albert Wallace, 1880-1966
Hunsaker, Jerome C. (Jerome Clarke), 1886-1984
Ives, Herbert Eugene, 1882-1953
Jackson, John David, 1925-2016
Member, Committee on Education and Employment of Women in Science and Engineering.
Joannopoulos, J. D. (John D.), 1947-
Kapitsa, P. L. (Petr Leonidovich), 1894-1984
Kaspi, Victoria Michelle, 1967-
Kelly, William C.
Kendall, Henry W. (Henry Way), 1926-1999
Kent, R. H. (Robert Harrington), 1886-1961
Kerst, Donald William, 1911-1993
Keyes, Frederick G. (Frederick George), 1885-1976
King, Ivan R.
Kirkwood, John Gamble, 1907-1959
Kraichnan, Robert H., 1928-2008
Kruskal, Martin D. (Martin David), 1925-2006
Lamb, Willis E. (Willis Eugene), 1913-2008
Lambert, Walter D. (Walter Davis), 1879-
Landauer, Rolf William, 1927-1999
Lauritsen, Charles Christian, 1892-1968
Member and awarded 2001 NAS Award for Chemistry in Service to Society.
Lee, P. A. (Patrick A.), 1946-
Leith, Cecil E., 1923-
Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865
Signed the legislation which created the National Academy of Sciences (NAS).
Livingston, M. Stanley (Milton Stanley)
Loomis, Alfred L. (Alfred Lee), 1887-1975
Loomis, F. W. (Francis Wheeler), 1889-1976
Low, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1921-2007
Luyten, Willem Jacob, 1899-1994
MacInnes, Duncan A. (Duncan Arthur), 1885-1965
Mackey, George W. (George Whitelaw), 1916-2006
Member and Member, Committee on the Applications of Mathematics.
Mange, Phillip, 1925-
Mayer, Maria Goeppert, 1906-1972
McCray, Patrick (W. Patrick)
McCuskey, S. W. (Sidney Wilcox)
McDaniel, Boyce D. (Boyce Dawkins), 1917-
McLean, William B. (William Burdette), 1914-1976
Meggers, William F. (William Frederick), 1888-1966
Menard, Henry W. (Henry William), 1920-1986
Mendenhall, Thomas C. (Thomas Corwin), 1841-1924
Menzel, Donald H. (Donald Howard), 1901-1976
Millikan, Clark Blanchard, 1903-1966
Mindlin, Raymond D. (Raymond David), 1906-1987
Morse, Philip M. (Philip McCord), 1903-1985
Müller, K. A. (Karl A.), 1927-
Foreign Associate Member.
Murnaghan, Francis D. (Francis Dominic), 1893-1976
Nelson, Ann E. (Ann Elizabeth)
Nier, Alfred O. (Alfred Otto), 1911-1994
Noyce, Robert N. (Robert Norton), 1927-1990
Olson, Harry F. (Harry Ferdinand), 1901-1982
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 1904-1967
Ostriker, J. P.
Overhauser, Albert Warner, 1925-
Parkinson, W. C. (William Charles), 1918-
Pegram, George Braxton, 1876-1958
Pekeris, C. L. (Chaim Leib), 1908-1993
Penner, S. S.
Phillips, William D. (William Daniel), 1948-
Pierce, George Washington, 1872-1956
Piore, Emanuel Ruben, 1908-2000
Foreign Associate.
Primakoff, H. (Henry), 1914-1983
Pritchard, David E. (David Edward), 1941-
Rainwater, L. James (Leo James), 1917-1986
Reynolds, John Hamilton, 1923-2000
Reynolds, Joseph M.
Rice, Oscar Knefler, 1903-1978
Richards, Paul L. (Paul Linford)
Robertson, H. P. (Howard Percy), 1903-1961
Robertson, R. G. Hamish, 1943-
Robinson, Allan R.
Ross, Frank E. (Frank Elmore), 1874-1960
Russell, Henry Norris, 1877-1957
Awarded the Henry Draper Medal (1965).
Saunders, Frederick A. (Frederick Albert), 1875-1963
Sawyer, Ralph A. (Ralph Alanson), 1895-1978
Schawlow, Arthur L., 1921-1999
Schiff, Leonard I. (Leonard Isaac), 1915-1971
Schowalter, William Raymond, 1929-
Member.
Schrieffer, J. R. (John Robert), 1931-
Seaborg, Glenn T. (Glenn Theodore), 1912-1999
Sears, William Rees, 1913-2002
Sessler, A. M. (Andrew Marienhoff)
Shapiro, Irwin I.
Shapley, Harlow, 1885-1972
Slater, John C. (John Clarke), 1900-1976
Slichter, Louis B. (Louis Byrne), 1896-1978
Spilhaus, Athelstan
Stanley, H. Eugene (Harry Eugene), 1941-
Stewart, George Walter, 1876-1956
Stratton, Julius Adams, 1901-1994
Suits, C. Guy (Chauncey Guy), 1905-1991
Tate, John T. (John Torrence), 1889-1950
Taylor, Richard Edward, 1929-2018
Teukolsky, Saul A. (Saul Arno), 1947-
Thomas, Llewellyn Hilleth, 1903-1992
Thomas, Tracy Y. (Tracy Yerkes), 1899-1983
Timoshenko, Stephen, 1878-1972
Ting, S. C. C. (Samuel Chao-chung), 1936-
Tolman, Richard C. (Richard Chace), 1881-1948
Tsui, D. C. (Daniel Chee), 1939-
Uhlenbeck, George Eugène, 1900-1988
Urey, Harold Clayton, 1893-1981
Vestine, E. H. (Ernest Harry), 1906-1968
National Associate.
Webster, Arthur Gordon, 1863-1923
Webster, David Locke, 1888-1976
Weinberg, Alvin Martin, 1915-2006
Weisskopf, Victor Frederick, 1908-2002
Wheeler, John Archibald, 1911-2008
Whipple, Fred L. (Fred Lawrence), 1906-2004
Wiesner, Jerome B. (Jerome Bert), 1915-1994
Wightman, A. S. (Arthur Strong), 1922-2013
Wigner, Eugene Paul, 1902-1995
Williams, John H. (John Harry), 1908-
Wilson, Henry, 1812-1875
Senator who drafted the Bill to create the National Academy of Sciences (NAS).
Wilson, Kenneth G. (Kenneth Geddes), 1936-2013
Member and 1977 Henry Draper Medal Recipient.
Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924
Urged for the creation of the National Research Council (NRC).
Wood, Robert Williams, 1868-1955
Wu, C. S. (Chien-shiung), 1912-1997
Zacharias, Jerrold Reinach, 1905-1986
Awarded the Henry Draper Medal (1921).
Member, and awarded the National Academy of Sciences Award in Chemical Sciences (1996).
Zimm, Bruno Hasbrouck, 1920-2005
Member; and awarded the award in Chemical Sciences (1981).
Zinn, Walter H. (Walter Henry), 1906-2000
Other
Member and Member, Solid State Sciences Committee, Board on Physics and Astronomy.
Institutions
Institutional Hierarchy
Institute of Medicine (U.S.)
National Academies (U.S.)
National Academy of Engineering
National Research Council (U.S.)
Collaborators
Académie des Sciences (France)
Alternately administer the Richard Lounsbery Award.
Akademiia nauk SSSR
Jointly published a Russian-English dictionary of the mathematical sciences.
Jointly sponsored the 19th General Assembly of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP).
American Mathematical Society
Jointly published a Russian-English dictionary of the mathematical sciences.
Jointly sponsored the 19th General Assembly of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP).
Copernicus Society of America
Jointly sponsored a symposium commemorating Nicolaus Copernicus.
Federal Council for Science and Technology (U.S.)
Work together on a variety of activities.
International Council of Scientific Unions
Founding member.
National Air and Space Museum
Jointly sponsored a symposium on the first 25 years in space.
Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk
Jointly sponsored a workshop on high-impact terrorism.
Smithsonian Institution
Jointly sponsored various symposiums. Original location of National Academy of Sciences (NAS) offices.
U.S. International Biological Program
Served as coordinator for the program in the U.S.
United States North Polar Expedition (1871-1873)
Followed National Academy of Sciences (NAS) created instructions for the expedition.
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Jointly sponsored a symposium on the Earth's Magnetosphere.
United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy
Work together on a variety of activities.
United States. President's Science Advisory Committee
Work together on a variety of activities.
Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)
Followed National Academy of Sciences (NAS) created instructions for the exploration of the Park.
Associates
American Association of Physicists in Medicine
American Geophysical Union
Unincorporated affiliate.
American Institute of Biological Sciences
Formed under the auspices of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS).
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
Co-sponsored the 19th General Assembly.
National Science Foundation (U.S.)
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics
Resources
Archival Resources
Author
Copernicus Symposium [sound recording], 1973 April 23, 24.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Information on the National Academy's collections, 1978.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
NAS-NRC International Relations Record Group, 1940-1965.
National Academy of Sciences
2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20418, USA
National Academy of Sciences records, 1863-1887.
Archives
Smithsonian Institution
Capital Gallery, Suite 3000, MRC 507, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20024-2520, USA
National Academy of Sciences records, circa 1900-1985.
National Academy of Sciences
2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20418, USA
The main building: House of the Academies and Research Council.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Subject
American Geophysical Union records, 1919-2008.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Arthur Gordon Webster papers, 1892-1920.
Goddard Library. Archives and Special Collections
Clark University
Worcester, MA 01610-11477, USA
Bruce Chalmers papers, 1953-1966.
Archives. Pusey Library
Harvard University
Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
C. C. Furnas papers, 1918-1969.
Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
Abilene, KS 67410, USA
Charles Hard Townes papers, 1948-1996.
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
Conference notes prepared informally and unofficially by John A. Wheeler, 1948.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
David Lazarus papers, 1945-1987.
University Archives
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
David N. Schramm papers, 1967-1997.
The Joseph Regenstein Library. Department of Special Collections
University of Chicago
1100 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Duncan A. MacInnes papers, 1926-1965.
Rockefeller Archive Center
15 Dayton Ave., Pocantico Hills, North Tarrytown, NY 10591-1598, USA
Emanuel Ruben Piore papers, circa 1918-1986.
Library
American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
F. W. Loomis papers, 1920-1976.
University Archives
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
Fred Lawrence Whipple papers, 1927-1983.
Archives
Smithsonian Institution
Capital Gallery, Suite 3000, MRC 507, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20024-2520, USA
Fred Lawrence Whipple papers, 1932-2004.
Archives
Smithsonian Institution
Capital Gallery, Suite 3000, MRC 507, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20024-2520, USA
Fred Lawrence Whipple papers, 1948-2000.
Archives
Smithsonian Institution
Capital Gallery, Suite 3000, MRC 507, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20024-2520, USA
Fred Lawrence Whipple papers, 2004.
Archives
Smithsonian Institution
Capital Gallery, Suite 3000, MRC 507, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20024-2520, USA
Frederick Seitz papers, 1935-1965.
University Archives
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
George C. Comstock papers, 1909-1915.
University Archives
University of Wisconsin -- Madison
Steenbock Library, Madison, WI 53706, USA
George Ellery Hale papers [microform], 1882-1938.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
George Ellery Hale papers, 1882-1937.
Library
American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
George Ellery Hale papers, 1882-1938.
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
George Ellery Hale papers, circa 1889-1950.
The Joseph Regenstein Library. Department of Special Collections
University of Chicago
1100 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Gregory Breit papers, 1929-1980 (bulk 1960-1970).
Manuscripts and Archives
Yale University Library
Box 208240, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
Gregory Breit selected papers [microform], (bulk 1950-1973).
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
H. Guyford Stever papers, 1930-1990 (bulk 1939-1990).
Gerald R. Ford Library
1000 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
H. P. Robertson papers, 1922-1980 (bulk 1936-1966).
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Hans Frauenfelder papers, 1940-1995.
University Archives
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
Harry F. Olson collection, 1927-1977.
David Sarnoff Library
David Sarnoff Research Center
201 Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540-6449, USA
Harvard University Division of Engineering and Applied Physics records of professor Allan R. Robinson relating to the Geophysics Study Committee, 1970-1977.
Archives. Pusey Library
Harvard University
Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Harvey Brooks papers, 1930s-2001.
Archives. Pusey Library
Harvard University
Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Henry and Mary Anna Palmer Draper papers, 1859-1914 (bulk 1869-1914).
Rare Books and Manuscripts Division
New York Public Library
Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street, New York, NY 10018, USA
Henry Barton letter to William Kelly, 1965.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Henry N. Russell correspondence [microform], 1890-1950.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Henry William Menard papers, 1938-1986 (bulk 1960-1986).
Archives
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Mail Code C-075-C. La Jolla, CA 92093-0175, USA
Herbert Friedman papers, circa 1940-2000.
Library
American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
Howard W. Emmons papers, 1942-1946.
Archives. Pusey Library
Harvard University
Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Irwin I. Shapiro papers, circa 1960-1990.
Archives
Smithsonian Institution
Capital Gallery, Suite 3000, MRC 507, 600 Maryland Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20024-2520, USA
John C. Bugher papers, 1926-1966 (bulk 1950-1966).
Rockefeller Archive Center
15 Dayton Ave., Pocantico Hills, North Tarrytown, NY 10591-1598, USA
John Clarke Slater papers, 1908-1976.
Library
American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
John Fries Frazer papers, 1834-1871.
Library
American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
Joseph M. Reynolds papers, 1924-1990 (bulk 1962-1985).
Hill Memorial Library. Special Collections. Lousiana and Lower Mississippi Valley Collections
Louisiana State University
Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Leason Heberling Adams papers, 1919-1968.
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
Lee A. DuBridge papers, 1932-1986.
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Leonard Carmichael papers, circa 1917-1973.
Library
American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
Leonard I. Schiff papers, 1948-1971.
Department of Special Collections and University Archives
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Lillian Hoddeson papers, 1904-2001.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Merle Antony Tuve papers, 1901-1982 (bulk 1941-1966).
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
N. C. Gerson papers, 1928-1998 (bulk 1950-1970).
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
Office of the Director records, 1965-1999.
Milton G. White History of Accelerators Room (WH-3SE) and Archives (WH-16NE)
Fermilab
PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 90510, USA
Oral history interview with Akio Arakawa, 1997 July 17 and 18.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Athelstan Frederick Spilhaus, 1989 November 10.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Cecil E. "Chuck" Leith, 1997 July 2.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Edward Mills Purcell, 1977 June 8 and 14.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Floyd Dunn, 2009 August 13.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Frederick Seitz, 1982 October 6 and 7.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with George Brooks Field, 1980 July 14 and 15.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with George Gamow, 1968 April 25 and 26.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Harlow Shapley, 1966 June 8 and August 25.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Herbert Friedman, 1980 August 21.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Isadore Rudnick, 1990 July 3.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Ivan Robert King, 1977 July 18 and 20 July 1978.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Jeremiah P. Ostriker, 2002 May 14 and 21.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Jesse Leonard Greenstein, 1977 April 7, July 21, 26 and 1978 May 19.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Joseph Polchinski, 2009 March 18.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Leo Goldberg, 1978 May 16 and 17, and 1982.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Lyman Spitzer, Jr., 1977 April 8 and 1978 May 10.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Marion King Hubbert, 1989 January 4 to 6 February.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Phillip Mange, 2002 December 30 and 2003 March 25.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Robert Henry Dicke, 1985 June 18.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Valentine L. Telegdi, 2008 March 4 and 9.
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Oral history interview with Vannevar Bush, 1964.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Vannevar Bush, 1964.
Institute Archives and Special Collections
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
M.I.T. Libraries, Rm. 14N-118, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Othniel Charles Marsh papers, 1817-1899.
Manuscripts and Archives
Yale University Library
Box 208240, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
Patrick McCray research material for his book, Giant Telescopes, 1904-2003.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Philip Morse papers, 1927-1980.
Institute Archives and Special Collections
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
M.I.T. Libraries, Rm. 14N-118, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
President's Science Advisory Committee records, 1957-1961.
Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
Abilene, KS 67410, USA
Ralph A. Sawyer papers, 1918-1978.
Bentley Historical Library
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2113, USA
Raymond Thayer Birge papers, 1909-1969.
The Bancroft Library
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA, 94720-6000, USA
Robert A. Millikan papers, 1821-1953.
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Robert B. Leighton papers, 1938-1988 (bulk 1961-1988).
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Robert Green Sachs papers, 1947-1999.
The Joseph Regenstein Library. Department of Special Collections
University of Chicago
1100 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Robert Millikan papers [microform], 1821-1953 (bulk 1921-1953).
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Robert Millikan papers [microform], 1847-1953 (bulk 1921-1953).
Library
American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
Rodney Lee Cool papers, 1948-1988.
Rockefeller Archive Center
15 Dayton Ave., Pocantico Hills, North Tarrytown, NY 10591-1598, USA
Roger Adams papers, 1900-1971.
University Archives
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
Ronald Geballe papers, 1938-1990.
University Archives
University of Washington
Mailstop #0-10. Seattle, WA 98195, USA
S. A. Bowhill papers, 1946-1985.
University Archives
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
Selected correspondence [microform], 1932-1945.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Sidney W. McCuskey papers, 1934-1975.
Archives
Case Western Reserve University
10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-7229, USA
Stanford S. Penner papers, 1938-1998.
Mandeville Special Collections Library
University of California, San Diego
9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Thomas Gold papers, 1944-2004.
Royal Society
6 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AG, England UK
Thomas Mendenhall papers, 1851-1951.
Archives. George C. Gordon Library
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
W. Conyers Herring reports, 1970-1973.
Department of Special Collections and University Archives
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Walter H. Bucher papers, 1935, 1946-1951.
Civil Reference Branch
National Archives and Records Administration
Washington, DC 20408, USA
Willard Bascom papers, 1947-1987, (bulk 1961-1985).
Archives
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Mail Code C-075-C. La Jolla, CA 92093-0175, USA
Willem Jacob Luyten papers, circa 1920-1994.
University Archives
University of Minnesota
Andersen Library, Minneapolis, MN, USA
William A. Fowler papers, 1917-1995.
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
William B. Rogers papers, 1804-1911.
Institute Archives and Special Collections
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
M.I.T. Libraries, Rm. 14N-118, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
William Charles Parkinson papers, 1950-1990.
Bentley Historical Library
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2113, USA
William E. Gordon papers, 1947-1994.
Fondren Library. Woodson Research Center.
Rice University
P. O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77001, USA
William F. Meggers addition to papers, 1870-1973 (bulk 1906-1966).
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Wolcott Gibbs papers, 1845-1908.
The Historical and Interpretative Collections of The Franklin Institute. Archives and Curatorial Department
Franklin Institute
222 N. 20th St., Philadelphia, PA 91903-1194, USA
Wolfgang Panofsky papers, 1934-2007.
National Accelerator Laboratory. Archives and History Office
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC)
2575 Sand Hill Road, MS 97, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
Yale University correspondence [microform], 1920-1941.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Published Resources
Author
A history of the first half-century of the National Academy of Sciences, 1863-1913.
Energy: future alternatives and risks.
High-impact terrorism : proceedings of a Russian-American workshop.
Issues in science and technology.
Magnetospheric physics; proceedings. Edited by Donald J. Williams and Gilbert D. Mead.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
Science : an American Bicentennial view : commentaries from a series of Academy forums.
Science and technology : a five-year outlook.
Science, government, and the universities / introd. by Frederick Seitz.
Science, technology, and society -- a prospective look : summary and conclusions of the Bellagio conference / organized by the U.S. National Academy of sciences, June 20-27, 1976, Bellagio, Italy.
Scientific, technical, and related societies of the United States.
The biological effects of atomic radiation; summary reports from a study.
The First 25 years in space : a symposium / edited by Allan A. Needell.
The Global Weather Experiment : an informal history / Gerald S. Schatz.
The scientific endeavor / Contributors: Melvin Calvin [and others].
The semi-centennial anniversary of the National Academy of Sciences, 1863-1913.
Subject
The National Academy of Sciences : the first hundred years, 1863-1963 / by Rexmond C. Cochrane.