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Biography
AbstractImportant DatesOccupationPlacesSubjectsRelationships
PeopleInstitutionsResources
Archival as AuthorArchival as SubjectPublished as AuthorPublished as SubjectCharles H. Townes
Dates
July 28, 1915 – January 27, 2015
Authorized Form of Name
Townes, Charles H.
Additional Forms of Names
Townes, C. H. (Charles H.)
Townes, C. H. (Charles Hard), 1915-
Townes, Charles H., 1915-
Townes, Charles Hard
Townes, Charles Hard, 1915-
Biography
Abstract
BS (physics), Furman University; MA (physics), Duke University; PhD (physics), California Institute of Technology. Bell Telephone Laboratories (1933-1947); Professor and Chairman, Columbia University Department of Physics; Executive Director, Columbia Radiation Laboratory; Provost and Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; University Professor, University of California. Nobel Prize (Physics, 1964) with Nicolai Basov and Aleksandr Prokhorov.
Important Dates
July 28, 1915Birth, Greenville (S.C.).
1935Received B.S. (physics) and B.A. (modern languages), Furman University, Greenville (S.C.).
1937Received M.A., Duke University, Durham (N.C.).
1939Received Ph.D. (physics), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena (Calif.).
1939 – 1947Member, Technical Staff, Bell Laboratories, New York (N.Y.).
1948 – 1961Associate Professor (1948-50); Executive Director of Columbia Radiation Laboratory (1950-52); Professor of Physics (1950-61); and Chair, Department of Physics (1952-55), Columbia University, New York (N.Y.).
1955 – 1956Fulbright Lecturer and Guggenheim Fellow, University of Paris and University of Tokyo.
1956Member, National Academy of Sciences.
1958Awarded Morris Liebmann Memorial Prize. Institute of Radio Engineers.
1958 – 1961Member, Scientific Advisory Board, United States Air Force.
1959Awarded Stuart Ballantine Medal, Franklin Institute.
1959Awarded Comstock Prize, National Academy of Sciences.
1959 – 1961Vice President and Director of Research, Institute for Defense Analyses.
1959 – 1962Member, Council, American Physical Society (APS).
1960 – 1963Member, Panel on Strategic Weapons, President's Science Advisory Committee.
1961Awarded Arnold O. Beckman Award, Instrument Society of America.
1961Awarded David Sarnoff Award, American Institute of Electrical Engineers.
1961Awarded Rumford Premium Award, American Academy of Arts & Sciences.
1961 – 1967Provost and Professor of Physics (1961-66) and Institute Professor (1966-67), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge (Mass.).
1962Awarded second Stuart Ballantine Medal, Franklin Institute.
1963Awarded Thomas Young Medal & Prize, British Institute of Physics and Physical Society.
1963Session Director, Enrico Fermi International School of Physics.
1963 – 1968Member, Board of Trustees, Salk Institute for Biologicl Studies.
1964Awarded Nobel Prize in Physics with Nicolai Basov and Aleksandr Prokhorov for their "fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle.".
1964 – 1979Chair, Science and Technology Advisory Committee for Manned Space Flight, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
1965 – 1970Member, Advisory Committee, RAND Corporation.
1966 – 1970Member (1966-70) and Member of Panel on Strategic Weapons (1966-70), President's Science Advisory Committee.
1966 – 1970Chair, Science Advisory Committee, Apollo Lunar Landing Program, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
1966 – 1985Member, Board of Directors, Perkin-Elmer Corporation.
1967President, American Physical Society (APS).
1967 – presentUniversity Professor (1967-86) and University Professor Emeritus (1986-present), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (Calif.).
1968Awarded C. E. K. Mees Award, Optical Society of America (OSA).
1969 – 1973Council Member (1969-72) and Chair, Space Science Board (1970-73), National Academy of Sciences.
1971 – 1977Member, Space Program Advisory Council, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
1971 – 1978Chair, Science Advisory Committee (1971-73) and Member, Board of Directors (1973-78), General Motors Company.
1971 – 1988Member, Board of Trustees, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute.
1977Awarded Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy, American Physical Society (APS).
1978 – 1986Member, Board of Trustees, General Motors Cancer Research Foundation.
1978 – 1989Council Member (1978-81) and Chair, Committee on International Security and Arms Control (1980-89), National Academy of Sciences.
1979 – 1984Member, Advisory Committee, California Institute of Technology.
1982Awarded National Medal of Science.
1982 – 1986Member, Defense Science Board, U.S. Department of Defense.
1987 – 1990Member, Board of Directors, Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
1996 Awarded Frederic Ives/Jarus W. Quinn Medal, Optical Society of America (OSA).
2000Awarded Lomonosov Medal, Russian Academy of Sciences.
2005Awarded Templeton Prize.
2006Awarded Vannevar Bush Award, National Science Foundation.
January 27, 2015Death, Oakland (Calif.).
Occupation
Quantum electrodynamicist.
Places
Birth
Undergraduate Education
Graduate Education
Employment
Death
Subjects
Relationships
People
Family
Anderson, Ellen
Daughter.
Brown, Frances H.
Wife, married in 1941.
Kessler, Carla
Daughter.
Rosenwein, Linda
Daughter.
Schawlow, Aurelia Townes
Sister.
Townes, Ellen Hard
Mother.
Townes, Henry Keith
Father.
Townes, Holly
Daughter.
Advisors & Collaborators
Abella, Isaac D., 1934-
Advised by Townes at Columbia University in lasers.
Barrett, Alan H., (Alan Hildreth)
Advised by Townes at Columbia University on microwave spectra.
Basov, N. G. (Nikolaĭ Gennadievich), 1922-2001
Awarded 1964 Nobel Prize along with Aleksandr Prokhorov "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle."
Boyd, Robert W., 1948-
Advised by Townes at University of California, Berkeley on an infrared upconverter for astronomical imaging.
Chiao, Raymond Y.
Advised by Townes at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Evans, Neal J.
Advised by Townes at University of California, Berkeley.
Giordmaine, Joseph Anthony
Advised by Townes at Columbia University.
Advised by Townes at Columbia University on microwave absorption spectra. Both employed at Columbia University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Knight, Walter D.
Advised informally by Townes at Duke University.
Advised by Townes at Columbia University.
Prokhorov, A. M. (Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich), 1916-2002
Awarded 1964 Nobel Prize along with Nicolay Basov "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle."
Sanders, T. Michael
Advised by Townes at Columbia University on microwave spectrum.
Schawlow, Arthur L., 1921-1999
Advised (post-doctoral) by Townes at Columbia University. Co-wrote "Microwave Spectroscopy."
Shulman, R. G. (Robert Gerson)
Advised by Townes at Columbia University on the Stark effects of microwave spectroscopy.
Smythe, William Ralph, 1893-
Ph.D. advisor at California Institute of Technology.
Van Vleck, J. H. (John Hasbrouck), 1899-1980
Co-wrote an article.
Werner, Michael W.
Advised (post-doctoral) by Townes at University of California, Berkeley.
Colleagues
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Benedek, George Bernard, 1928-
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Birge, Raymond T. (Raymond Thayer), 1887-
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Birgeneau, Robert J. (Robert Joseph), 1942-
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Bode, Hendrik W. (Hendrik Wade), 1905-1982
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Brattain, Walter H. (Walter Houser), 1902-1987
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Brode, Robert B. (Robert Bigham), 1900-1986
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Buckley, Oliver Ellsworth, 1887-1959
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Clauser, John F. (John Francis), 1942-
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Davisson, Clinton Joseph, 1881-1958
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at Columbia University.
Drell, Sidney D. (Sidney David), 1926-
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
DuBridge, Lee A. (Lee Alvin), 1901-1994
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Dunning, John R. (John Ray), 1907-1975
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Edgerton, Harold Eugene, 1903-1990
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Falicov, L. M. (Leopoldo Maximo), 1933-1995
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Fisk, James B. (James Brown), 1910-1981
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Fletcher, James Chipman, 1919-1991
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Foley, Henry Michael, 1917-1982
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Friedman, Jerome I. (Jerome Isaac), 1930-
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Frosch, Robert A. (Robert Alan), 1928-
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at Columbia University and University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Hahn, E. L. (Erwin Louis), 1921-
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Helmholz, August Carl, 1915-2003
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Herring, William Conyers, 1914-
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Ives, Herbert Eugene, 1882-1953
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Jackson, John David, 1925-2016
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Jewett, Frank B. (Frank Baldwin), 1879-1949
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Kendall, Henry W. (Henry Way), 1926-1999
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Keyes, Frederick G. (Frederick George), 1885-1976
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Kraichnan, Robert H., 1928-2008
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories and Columbia University.
Lamb, Willis E. (Willis Eugene), 1913-2008
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Lin, C. C. (Chia-Chʻiao), 1916-2013
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Livingston, M. Stanley (Milton Stanley)
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Loeb, Leonard B. (Leonard Benedict), 1891-
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Low, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1921-2007
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Columbia University.
Both employed at Columbia University.
MacDonald, Gordon J. (Gordon James), 1929-2002
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
McMillan, Edwin M. (Edwin Mattison), 1907-
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Morse, Philip M. (Philip McCord), 1903-1985
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Pearson, Gerald L. (Gerald Leondus)
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Pegram, George Braxton, 1876-1958
Both employed at Columbia University.
Pekeris, C. L. (Chaim Leib), 1908-1993
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Rabi, I. I. (Isidor Isaac), 1898-1988
Both employed at Columbia University.
Rainwater, L. James (Leo James), 1917-1986
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Reynolds, John Hamilton, 1923-2000
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Richards, Paul L. (Paul Linford)
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at Columbia University.
Sachs, Allan M. (Allan Maxwell), 1921-1989
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Slater, John C. (John Clarke), 1900-1976
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Stratton, Julius Adams, 1901-1994
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Tape, Gerald Frederick, 1915-2005
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Thomas, Llewellyn Hilleth, 1903-1992
Both employed at Columbia University.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Weisskopf, Victor Frederick, 1908-2002
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Wiesner, Jerome B. (Jerome Bert), 1915-1994
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Wu, C. S. (Chien-shiung), 1912-1997
Both employed at Columbia University.
York, Herbert F. (Herbert Frank)
Both worked on President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC).
Zacharias, Jerrold Reinach, 1905-1986
Both employed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Both employed at University of California, Berkeley.
Additional
Anderson, P. W. (Philip W.), 1923-
Babcock, Horace W.
Bennett, William R. (William Ralph), 1904-
Bleaney, B. (Brebis)
Bromberg, Joan Lisa
Brossel, Jean
Cranberg, Lawrence, 1917-2011
DeMaria, Anthony J.
Dicke, Robert H. (Robert Henry)
DuMond, Jesse W. M. (Jesse William Monroe), 1892-1976
Field, George B., 1929-
Garmire, Elsa M., 1939-
Gordon, James P.
Gould, Gordon, 1920-2005
Guenther, Arthur Henry, 1931-
Holden, Alan
Ingard, K. Uno
Landauer, Rolf William, 1927-1999
Mayer, Cornell H., 1921-2005
Nix, Foster Cary, 1905-
Oliver, J. E. (Jack Ertle), 1923-2011
Otting, William Joseph, 1919-
Panofsky, Wolfgang K. H. (Wolfgang Kurt Hermann), 1919-2007
Ruina, J. P. (Jack P.)
Smullin, Louis Dijour, 1916-
Stern, Marvin, 1923-
Stickley, Carlisle Martin, 1933-
Strandberg, M. W. P. (Malcolm Woodrow Pershing), 1919-
Sullivan, Woodruff Turner
Wheeler, John Archibald, 1911-2008
White, Addison Hughson, 1909-
Wooldridge, Dean E.
Institutions
Major Positions
Member, Technical staff.
Columbia University. Department of Physics
Associate Professor; Executive Director, Radiation Laboratory; Professor of Physics; and Chair of Department of physics.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics
Provost, Professor of Physics, and Institute Professor.
Tōkyō Daigaku
Fulbright Lecturer and Guggenheim Fellow.
Université de Paris
Fulbright Lecturer and Guggenheim Fellow.
University of California, Berkeley. Department of Physics
University Professor and University Professor Emeritus.
Professional Activities & Affiliations
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
American Philosophical Society
Council member and President.
Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Member, Board of Directors.
Brookhaven National Laboratory
California Institute of Technology. Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy
Received Ph.D. in physics in 1939. Member, Advisory Committee.
Duke University. Department of Physics
Received M.A. in physics
Furman University
Received B.S. (physics) and B.A. (modern languages).
General Motors Cancer Research Foundation
Member, Board of Trustees.
General Motors Corporation
Chair of Science Advisory Committee and member of Board of Directors.
Institute for Defense Analyses
Vice President and Director of Research.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi"
Session Director.
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
Council member; Chair, Space Science Board; and Chair, Committee on International Security and Arms Control.
National Research Council (U.S.)
New York Academy of Sciences
Honorary member.
Honorary member.
Perkin-Elmer Corporation
Member, Board of Directors.
Rand Corporation
Member, Advisory Committee.
Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk
Foreign member.
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Member, Board of Trustees.
United States. Air Force
Member, Scientific Advisory Board.
United States. Defense Science Board
Member.
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Chair, Science and Technology Advisory Committee for Manned Space Flight; Chair, Science Advisory Committee for the Apollo Lunar Landing Program; and Member, Space Program Advisory Council.
United States. National Bureau of Standards
United States. President's Science Advisory Committee
Member and Member, Panel on Strategic Weapons.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Member, Board of Trustees.
Resources
Archival Resources
Author
50th anniversary session [sound recording], 1966 March 15.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Charles H. Townes addition to papers, 1939-1992.
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
Charles H. Townes letter to Arthur Henry Guenther concerning his opinion of Basov's view of the early history of laser development, 1985.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Charles H. Townes papers, circa 1950-1977.
The Bancroft Library
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA, 94720-6000, USA
Charles H. Townes, oral history interview, 1998 [videotapes]
Archives Center
Smithsonian Institution. National Museum of American History
MRC 601, 12th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA
Charles Hard Townes papers, 1948-1996.
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
Discovery and creativity in science [videorecording], 2006.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Heineman Prize Banquet [sound recording] : American Physical Society Meeting, 1967 April 26.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
International Science and Technology Journal interviews, 1962-1967.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Invited papers [sound recording], 1965 April.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Jeff Hecht laser pioneer interviews, 1984-1991.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Lemelson Center Innovative Lives Program collection, 1995-2005.
Archives Center
Smithsonian Institution. National Museum of American History
MRC 601, 12th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA
Memoranda from Bell Telephone Laboratories concerning applications of microwave spectroscopy (1946); letters from Townes to Joan Bromberg regarding these memoranda and the Laser History Project, 1946-1987.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Nobel Voices Videohistory Project collection, 2000-2001.
Archives Center
Smithsonian Institution. National Museum of American History
MRC 601, 12th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA
Oral history interview with Charles H. Townes, 1979 June 18 and 20.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Charles H. Townes, 1984 January 28 and 31.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Charles H. Townes, 1987 May 20 and 21.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Charles H. Townes, 1991-1992.
The Bancroft Library
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA, 94720-6000, USA
Proposal and cover letter submitted to the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for research on a maser to amplify or oscillate at infrared frequencies, 1958.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Session entitled "New useful developments derived from physics" [sound recording] American Association of Physics Teachers annual meeting, December 29, 1967.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
The effectiveness of scientific advice to government [sound recording] : a lecture series at the University of California, Santa Barbara / 1976.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
The laser: invention, development and future [videorecording] / IEEE Santa Clara Valley Chapter 30th anniversary program, 2007.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
United States of America v. American Telephone & Telegraph legal documents, 1974-1984.
Department of Special Collections and University Archives
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Subject
AIP Center for History of Physics responses to Laser History Project Survey, 1983.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Arno A. Penzias papers, 1931-2006 (bulk 1963-1998).
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
Charles Hard Townes Physics Today obituary
Clarence E. Larson science and technology oral history collection, 1983-1993.
Special Collections & Archives
George Mason University
Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA
Cornell Mayer papers, 1940-2005 (bulk 1943-1990).
Manuscript Division
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building, First Street and Independence Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA
Hans Frauenfelder response to survey on the impact of immigration on U.S. physics, 1999.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
History of physics audio-visual collection, circa 1918-1996, 1960-1988 (bulk)
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
J. C. Polanyi response to Laser History Survey, 1984.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Jesse W. M. DuMond papers, 1912-1976.
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Lawrence Cranberg papers, 1962-2000.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Louis Smullin papers, 1939-1952.
Institute Archives and Special Collections
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
M.I.T. Libraries, Rm. 14N-118, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Murray Gell-Mann papers, 1931-2001 (bulk 1955-1993).
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Optical Society of America annual meeting in Tucson, 1971.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview Addison Hughson White, 1976 September 30.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with A. M. Prokhorov, 1984 September 14.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Alan Holden, 1974 July 30 and 1976 June 21.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Anthony John DeMaria, 1984 April 13.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Arno A. Penzias, 2006 January 19, March 21 and 22.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Arthur L. Schawlow, 1984 January 19.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Arthur L. Schawlow, 1996 August 14 to November 26.
The Bancroft Library
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA, 94720-6000, USA
Oral history interview with Brebis Bleaney, 1982 January 15.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Carlisle Martin Stickley, 1984 September 22.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Cornell Henry Mayer, 1986 November 8.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Dean E. Wooldridge, 1976 August 21.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with E. A. Frieman, 1986 June 26.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Elsa Meints Garmire, 1985 February 4.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Foster Cary Nix, 1975 June 27.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with George Field, 2007 December 5.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Gordon Gould, 1983 April 8 and October 23.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Herbert F. York, 1986 February 7.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Horace W. Babcock, 1977, July 25.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Isaac D. Abella, 1985 October 22.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Jack E. Oliver, 1996 March 8 and 1997 September 27.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Jack P. Ruina, 1991 August 8.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with James Gordon, 1983 November 4.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with James Gordon, 1986 October 27.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Jean Brossel, 1983 March 3 and 8.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with John Archibald Wheeler, 1988 May 4, May 23 and November 28.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with John F. Clauser, 2002 May 20, 21 and 23.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with John S. Foster, Jr., 1991 August 7.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Joseph Giordmaine, 1984 May 31 and June 4.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Joseph Giordmaine, 1995 April 18.
IEEE History Center
Rutgers University
39 Union Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
Oral history interview with Joseph Giordmaine, 2007 October 10.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with K. Uno Ingard, 2007 July 19.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Kenneth M. Watson, 1986 February 10.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Malcolm Woodrow Pershing Strandberg, 1983 June 15.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Marvin Stern, 1987 May 1.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Michael Werner, 2008 July 25.
Institute Archives
California Institute of Technology
1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Oral history interview with Nicolaas Bloembergen, 1983 June 27.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Nikolai Gennadievich Basov, 1984 September 14.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Norman M. Kroll, 1987 March 29.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with P. W. Anderson [videorecording] : 1999-2002.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Robert Henry Dicke, 1983 May 2.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Rolf William Landauer, 1984 October 17.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Sidney D. Drell, 1986 July 1.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with William R. Bennett, 1987 October 26.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral History interview with Willis E. Lamb, 1985 March 7 and May 10.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Oral history interview with Wolfgang Kurt Hermann Panofsky, 1973 May 15 and 1974 March 6 and June 3.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Research Corporation maser and laser patents collection, 1956-1962.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Richard G. Brewer response to Laser History Project Survey, 1983.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Video Interviews with Nobel Prize Winners in Physics, 2004-2006.
Sussex Innovation Centre, Science Park Square
Vega Science Trust
Brighton BN1 9SB, England UK
William Joseph Otting response to Laser History Project Survey, 1983.
Niels Bohr Library & Archives
American Institute of Physics
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Woodruff T. Sullivan papers, 1946-2009.
Archives
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
Published Resources
Author
How the laser happened : adventures of a scientist / Charles H. Townes.
Making waves / Charles H. Townes.
Microwave spectroscopy / [by] C.H. Townes [and] A.L. Schawlow.
Quantum electronics : a symposium / edited by Charles H. Townes.