Correspondence, drafts, reports, notes, scientific manuscripts, lectures, tables, diagrams, and printed pamphlets by and about leading figures in the history of science and their work. Persons represented include: Cleveland Abbe, John Couch Adams, Sir George Biddell Airy, James Edward Alexander, David Thomas Ansted, A. D. Bache, Bernoulli family, Jean Baptiste Riot, William Cranch Beond, J. Bondworth, Frederick E. Bransch, David Brewster, Henry Crew, E. S. Dana, Baron George Legge Dartmouth, Albert Einstein, Johann Franz Encke, John Flamsteed, Edmond Halley, William Rowan Hamilton, Burton Jesse Bendrick, George William Hill, John Hockett, Urbain Jean Josoeph Le Verrier, Nevil Maskelyne, Anita Newcomb McGee, Albert Abraham Michelson, William D Morgan, Sir Isaac Newton, Magyar Polgar, Henry Harper Rogers, Nicholas Sanderson, Tobet Simson, W. T. Taggart, Graf A. Teleki, J. M. Van Vleck, Josepha Whitney, and John Winthrop.

The Newton Collection manuscripts consist of letters, drafts, reports, notes, bound volumes of lecture notes, tables, diagrams, portraits, printed pamphlets and booklets, and photostats by and about some of the leading figures in the history of science. The collection is particularly strong in the areas of astronomy, physics and mathematics. The Isaac Newton material includes notes on his invention of calculus, geometric notes and diagrams, and some manuscripts concerning alchemy, and in addition, xerox copies of letters and manuscripts relating to his duties as warden of the Royal Mint. There are also bound volumes of lecture notes of Nicholas Saunderson's mathemetics lectures at Cambridge University. The Einstein material includes some early printed booklets in German and some letters dating from both his early years in Germany and his later residence in the United States. The material on astronomy includes several bound volumes of notes on celestial mechanics by Geroge William Hill and William D. Morgan.