Consists of a wide range of material reflecting Conant's early education at Roxbury Latin School; his scientific research and interaction with other chemists; his professorship and presidency at Harvard and service as U.S. High Commissioner and Ambassador to Germany; and his theories and studies of education. A significant part of the material relates to Conant's studies of American secondary education in the 1950s and 1960s. The Educational Testing Service was a focus of some of these studies. Includes biographical information, such as diaries, photographs, certificates and diplomas; personal and professional correspondence documenting Conant's involvement in the pre-World War II Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies and the National Defense Research Committee; writings on organic chemistry, education and memoirs, including manuscripts of unpublished works also; scientific journals and correspondence and other material relating to Harvard faculty appointments and Conant's 1933 inauguration. Also recording, 1978, of Conant's memorial service; scrapbooks; speeches; photographs; research material; diaries of James Scott Conant; and speeches by Grace Conant (Mrs. James B.) are also in the Conant papers. Related publications and reference material also available in repository.