In this lecture, held at MIT on January 7, 1976, Jerrold Zacharias speaks of his experiences with McCarthyism and the case made against J. Robert Oppenheimer. Subjects include: Memories of the formation of the Soviet Union and how it was reported during his childhood during the 1920s; Pre-McCarthy displays of anti-communism despite the small size of American Communist Party; Setting up the radiation lab at MIT; How scientists in this time came to work on military and political matters when it was not their specialty; Time at Los Alamos Laboratory; The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; The formation of the House Un-American Activities Committee; The scientific communities impact on underwater and air defenses; The mistreatment of Oppenheimer. At the end of his talk, Zacharias takes questions from the audience.