EISCAT (European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association) operates three incoherent scatter radar systems, used to study the interaction between the Sun and the Earth as revealed by disturbances in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. EISCAT radars also allow continuous monitoring of Low-Earth orbit (LEO) debris in a beam park mode, functioning as a space surveillance system part of the European Space Agency's Space Situational Awareness Programme (SSA). It also operates an ionospheric heater facility, similar to HAARP. EISCAT is funded and operated by research institutes and research councils of Norway, Sweden, Finland, Japan, China and the United Kingdom (the EISCAT Associates). Institutes in other countries also contribute to operations, including Russia, Ukraine, Germany and South Korea.