Four archival sessions and a round table discussion video taped by Virginia Tech University in 1991. The participants were six nuclear pioneers including: Sigvard Eklund, Bertrand Goldschmidt, Robert E. Marshak, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gerald F. Tape and Herbert F. York. They discuss their role in and recollections and opinions of the history of nuclear development during the period 1945-1963. In addition to biographical statements from each of the participants, some of the major topics discussed include (1) Weapons and the Arms Race, bilateral and multilateral policies and agreements, arms control and non-proliferation, the Limited Test Ban Treaty (1963); (2) Civilian vs. military control in post-war United States, the May-Johnson Bill, the McMahon Act, the Atomic Energy Commission, the Atomic Energy Act; (3) Peaceful Uses of the Atom, nuclear power and regulatory policies; (4) International cooperation, research and development, the implications of the Smyth Report, the "Atoms for Peace" movement, Pugwash conferences, creation of the IAEA, philosophical reflections, and outlook for the future.