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American Institute of Physics. Center for History of Physics. Study of Multi-Institutional Collaborations. Phase II: Space Science and Geophysics.
Oral history interviews. Space Science: Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Experiment (AMPTE), 1992-1994.
Interviews were conducted with members of the project's collaboration using a structured question set covering all stages of in the collaborative research process: the formation of the collaboration and its personnel; the organizational structure; the formation of the experiment teams; the drafting of the proposal; funding for U.S. groups by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; use of subcontractors; development of software for data collection and analysis; the collaboration's decision-making style; role of the Project Manager, Project Scientist, Program Manager, Program Scientist, and graduates students; impact of internationalism; patterns of communications; records creation, use, distribution, and retention; also, comments on the interviewee's home institution and trends in graduate education in space science. Interviews (listed by institutional member of the collaboration and by name of individual) were conducted with: Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University: John Dassoulas, Thomas Krimijes, Richard McEntire; Goddard Space Flight Center: Mario Acuna, Gilbert Ousley; Imperial College, London: Peter Hedgecock; Lockheed, Palo Alto: Edward Shelley; Max-Planck-Institut f r extraterrestrische Physik, Federal Republic of Germany: Gerhard Haerendel, Bernd Hũsler, Jakob Stc̲ker; Mullard Space Science Laboratory: Tom Patrick; NASA Headquarters: Tim Eastman, Erwin Smerling; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory: Duncan Bryant, Trevor Edwards, Alan Rogers, Kim Ward; Technical University Braunschweig: Herman L hr; University of Maryland: George Glocker, Douglas Hamilton. Other institutions in the collaboration include: Max Planck Institute for Aeronomie; TRW; University of Bern; University of California, Berkeley; University of Iowa; University of Sussex; University of Sheffield; and others participating informally by providing data useful to timing the ion releases or by observing the releases from the ground.
AMPTE, launched in 1984, was one of the most complex space missions ever. Three scientific spacecraft (each designed and built by a different nation) were carried into orbit by a single launch vehicle, deployed into different regions of space, and then operated to perform coordinated functions with one another. The German spacecraft, which was supplemented by a British spacecraft carrying a complementary set of instruments, orbited the earth outside the magnetosphere and released tracer ions into the solar wind, while the American spacecraft, which orbited inside the magnetosphere, attempted to detect the released ions in order to determine whether and how the solar wind "blows" ions into the earth's magnetosphere. The American spacecraft also made measurements of the natural environment within the magnetosphere, and the German spacecraft also released cometary ions to study the plasma physics of the interaction of solar wind with a cometary gas.
Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (Program)
Goddard Space Flight Center.
Imperial College of Science and Technology.
Lockheed Aircraft Corporation.
Max-Planck-Institut f r Aeronomie.
Max-Planck-Institut f r Extraterrestrische Physik.
Johns Hopkins University. Applied Physics Laboratory.
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory.
TRW Inc.
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Universitt̃ Bern.
University of California, Berkeley.
University of Iowa.
University of Maryland, College Park.
University of Sussex.
Space vehicles.
Space sciences.
Space sciences -- International cooperation.
Magnetosphere.
Group work in research.
Oral histories. aat
American Institute of Physics. Center for History of Physics. Study of Multi-Institutional Collaborations. Phase II: Space Science and Geophysics.
Mullard Space Science Laboratory
University of Sheffield.
Bryant, D. A. (Duncan Alan)
Gloeckler, G.
Haerendel, Gerhard
Schmerling, Erwin.
American Institute of Physics) Center for History of Physics
Acuą, M. H.
Dassoulas, John.
Eastman, Tim.
Edwards, Trefor.
Hamilton, Douglas.
Hũsler, Bernd.
Hedgecock, Peter.
Krimijes, Thomas.
L hr, Herman.
McEntire, Richard William, 1942-
Ousley, Gilbert W.
Patrick, Tom.
Rogers, Alan.
Shelley, Edward George, 1933-
Stc̲ker, Jakob.
Ward, Kim.
AIP-ICOS
American Institute of Physics. Niels Bohr Library & Archives. One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
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