Science, Arms Control and National Security records Idocument the Committee on Science, Arms Control, and National Security. The program aimed to enhance public and expert understanding of issues related to the threat of nuclear war and to reduce that threat. Activities included a verification project, an annual colloquium on science and security, congressional seminars, publications, and fellowships.

Climate Program records document efforts by the scientific community to debate and define the threats of global climate change. Includes 1979 Annapolis workshop on climate change, AAAS Committee on Climate, correspondence with Department of Energy and other institutions, background papers, symposia, and hearings.

Committee on Arid Lands records include conference materials projects on desertification and remote sensing, and a project with the National Park Service.

Cultural Factors in Population programs records include correspondence, reports, manuscripts, articles, notes, and audio tapes on activities related and leading to the World Population Conference; an ethnography of reproduction project; ecological and socio-economic profiles of the rural poor in Tanzania and Kenya; and materials on institutions concerned with population issues, topics related to research on population, and articles collected on population, fertility, and demography used by staff as background.

Population, Resources, and Environment Program records include conference and workshop materials, commissioned and contributed papers, draft manuscripts, committee meeting minutes, and correspondence, as well as background articles, reports, and newspaper clippings on several Population, Resources and the Environment topics.

The Richard A. Scribner files include monthly reports, and other papers, relating to Scribner's participation on various U.S. Department of State panels, his 1977 work on a manuscript entitled Energy Policy and the Future of Nuclear Power, and on various grants, proposals, and other projects, such as his work with the Committee on Science, Arms Control and National Security.

Science, Technology and Development records document the many AAAS activities related to the 1979 U.N. Conference on Science and Technology for Development (UNCSTD), leading up to and after the Conference.

Western Hemisphere Cooperation records document much of AAAS's early interest in international cooperation and its service as the executive secretariat for Interciencia Association (IA), a role it held from 1975 to 1993.