Biographical material is extensive; covers Salam's career, honors and awards, including significant material his Nobel Prize candidacy and award, and candidacy for the Directorship of UNESCO in 1987. Also includes press cuttings, magazine articles, and material recording Salam's views on international scientific cooperation and the development of the Third World. Research material includes notebooks, research notes and scientific correspondence (1950-1992). The largest body of material relates to the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, documenting its inception, organization and scientific activity from 1960 to 1996. Includes Salam's papers as Director and then President of the Centre; history of the ICTP; official communications with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and UNESCO; administrative issues, funding, design of scientific programs; conferences and meetings. Large section of documentation on ICTP links with academic institutions and international centers of study worldwide. Publications and lectures includes manuscripts (early 1950s-1989); lectures (1961-1993); documentation (1975-1995) relating to major published works on both scientific and Third World development topics. Salam's association with various United Nations organizations is documented, including UNESCO, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), and the United Nations University (UNU). Salam's involvement with a large number of international, national, regional and local organizations and societies is well documented, such as the European Physical Society; African Union of Physics; Arab Academy of Sciences; Centro Internacional de Fisica, Bogot;̀ Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI); International Federation of Institutes of Advanced Studies; and a small amount of material related to the UK High Energy Particle Physics Review Group (1984-1985). Visits and conferences material (1956-1997) includes invitations, correspondence, programs, and proceedings. Topics include both scientific meetings and also events relating to Third World and development issues. Organizations documented include the South Commission (1987-1996), the Third World Academy of Sciences, of which Salam was president (1983-1994), and the Fund for Physics which Salam established to provide financial assistance to young scientists in the Third World. Also documents science in the Arabic and Islamic world. Collection includes correspondence documenting Salam's work with Pakistan and some of its organizations.