United States. Army. Chemical Warfare Service.
U.S. Army Chemical Warfare Service records (Record Group 175), 1917-1963.
Record Group 175 includes primarily textual records, with a scattering of maps, charts, and plans, as follows: Records of the Office of the Chief Army Chemical Officer, 1918-1955 (884 lin. ft.): General Correspondence, 1918-1954 (700 ft.), with index, 1918-1942 (114 ft.). Special File, consisting of miscellaneous correspondence and reports removed from the general correspondence and assembled into a working and reference collection, 1922-1941. Budget records and budget justification files, 1926-1955. Physical and personnel security files, 1947-1952. Organization charts, 1942-1946, 1949-1950. Records of the Patent Section, 1940-1945, 1947-1954. Progress reports on the BDM Project, at Muscle Shoals, AL, and Project X-201, at Pine Bluff Arsenal, AR, 1951-1953. Record sets of publications, 1950-1954. Records of Office Divisions, 1917-1963 (114 lin. ft.): Records of the Gas Defense Production Division: special orders, 1918-1919; general correspondence of the Field Testing Section, 1918-1919. Records of detachments, 1917-1919; Records of the Technical Division: general administrative files, 1910-1946. Security classified case files relating to design and development of chemical warfare equipment and material, 1924-1945 (93 ft.). Security-classified minutes and other records of War Department committees, 1942-1945. Minutes of meetings of the Technical Committee, 1935-1963; Records of the Training Division relating to the War Department Civilian Protection Schools, including correspondence, lists and photographs of students and faculty, and class schedules, 1942-1943; histories, August 1943; and an instruction directive, February 6, 1943; Records of Field Offices, 1917-1963 (540 lin. ft.): Records of Edgewood Arsenal, MD: general administrative files, 1917-1942. Office and personal file of Gen. Amos A. Fries, 1918-1920, as Chief of the Gas Service, AEF; commanding officer of Edgewood Arsenal; and Director, Chemical Warfare Service. General and special orders, 1918-1942. Chemical Warfare School training records, 1921-1940. Construction history, 1919. Records of the Army Chemical Center, Edgewood Arsenal, 1920-1951 (464 ft.): Records of the Chemical School, Edgewood Arsenal, 1941-1948. Records of other arsenals: Records of the Ogden Arsenal, UT, 1954. Records of the Pine Bluff Arsenal, AR, 1941-1950. Records of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, CO, 1942-1950. Records of other chemical centers: Records of the Camp Sibert Chemical Center, 1944-1945. Records of the Western Chemical Center (Tooele, UT), 1947-1949. Records of chemical depots: Records of the Deseret Chemical Depot, UT, 1947-1953. Records of the Gulf Chemical Depot, AL, 1947. Records of the Midwest Chemical Depot, AR, 1941-1948. Records of the Northeast Chemical Depot, NY, 1944-1946. Records of chemical plants: Records of the Midland Chemical Plant, MI, 1942-1946. Records of the Vigo Chemical Plant, IN, 1940-1945. Records of chemical procurement districts: Records of the Atlanta Chemical Procurement District, 1942, 1949-1950. Records of the Chicago Chemical Procurement District, 1942-1949. Records of the Dallas Chemical Procurement District, 1949-1950. Records of the New York Chemical Procurement District, 1940-1946. Records of the San Francisco Chemical Procurement District, 1940-1950. Records of field units (World War I): Records of the Instruction School, Lakehurst Proving Ground, NJ, 1918-1919. Records of the Chemical Warfare Training Camp, Camp Kendrick, NJ, 1918-1919. General correspondence of the Gas Defense Plant, Long Island City, NY., 1918-1919. Correspondence of the Gas Defense Plant, Long Island City, NY, 1918-1919. Correspondence of the Chemical Warfare Service detachment at U. S. Chemical Plant No. 4, Saltville, VA, 1918-1919 and maps of the Chemical Warfare School, Lakehurst Proving Ground, NJ, ca. 1920; and Records of other field activities: Records of the Chemical Corps Biological Department, Fort Detrick, MD, 1946-1950. Records of the Chemical School, Fort McClellan, AL, 1949-1963. Records of the Dugway Proving Grounds, UT, 1942-1946, 1950; Records of the Yuma Test Station, AZ, 1956-1957. Architectural and engineering plans: blueprint designs of gas and chemical bombs, June 1942.
Established as a technical service of the Army by General Order 62, War Department, June 28, 1918, consolidating scattered functions relating to gas offense and defense. Name changed to the Chemical Corps., September 6, 1946, by Act of August 2, 1946 (60 Stat. 861). Functions: Developed, tested, and supplied offensive weapons using toxic or noxious gases, and defensive countermeasures. Supervised army training in chemical warfare. Abolished by General Order 44, Department of the Army, August 1, 1962. Successor Agency: U.S. Army Material Command. [Predecessor Agencies: In the Department of the Interior: War Gas Investigations, Bureau of Mines 1917-1918. In the War Department: Chemical Service Section, National Army (1917-1918) Gas Defense Division, Surgeon General's Office (1917-1918). Gas Offense Production Division, Office of the Chief of Ordnance (1917-1918).] History: Research investigations by the United States into use of toxic gas as an instrument of war began with the estblishment of a research unit, War Gas Investigations (WGI), in the Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior, March 1917, and by the appointment of a subcommittee on noxious gases by the Military Committee of the National Research Committee, April 3, 1917. Responsibility for procurement of gas masks and taining of personnel in their use was transferred from WGI to the Gas Defense Division, Surgeon General's Office, August 31, 1917. Responsibility for manufacturing and filling gas shells was assigned, 1917, to the Gas Offense Production Division, Ordnance Department, at Edgewood Arsenal, MD. My memorandum from the Chief of Staff to the Adjutant general, October 16, 1917, Chemical Service Section, National Army, was established to provide the American Expeditionary Forces with overseas research and investigation capability, and a coordinating Office of Gas Service was established in the War Department. WGI transferred to War Department by EO 2984, June 25, 1918. Functions consolidated in Chemical Warfare Service, 1918.
Fries, Amos A. (Amos Alfred), 1873-1963.
Dugway Proving Ground (Utah).
United States. Army. Chemical Research and Development Laboratories.
United States. Army. Chemical Warfare Service -- Archives.
Yuma Proving Ground (Ariz.).
Arsenals -- United States -- Administration.
Chemical agents (Munitions).
Chemical industry -- United States -- 20th century.
Chemical warfare.
Chemical warfare -- Equipment and supplies -- Design.
Chemical warfare -- Safety measures.
Chemicals.
Chemicals -- Procurement -- United States.
Chemicals -- Physiological effect.
Civil defense -- United States.
Decontamination (from gases, chemicals, etc.).
Explosives.
Gases, Asphyxiating and poisonous -- War use.
Incendiary weapons.
Poisoning (Toxicology).
Science and state.
World War, 1914-1918 -- Chemical warfare.
World War, 1914-1918 -- Science.
World War, 1914-1918 -- Technology.
World War, 1939-1945 -- Chemical warfare.
World War, 1939-1945 -- Science.
World War, 1939-1945 -- Technology.
Yuma (Ariz.)
Charts. aat
Government records. aat
Indexes. aat aat
Lists. aat
Maps. aat
Minutes. aat
Organizational charts. aat
Personnel records. aat
Photographs. aat
Plans. aat
Muscle Shoals (Ala.).
Tooele (Utah).
Camp Silbert Chemical Center.
Chemical Warfare Training School (Lakehurst, NJ) -- Archives.
Deseret Chemical Depot (Ala.).
Edgewood Arsenal (Md.).
Edgewood Arsenal (Md.) Chemical School.
Fort Detrick (Md.).
Fort McClellan (Ala.).
Gulf Chemical Depot (Ala.).
Lakehurst Proving Ground (N.J.).
Midland Chemical Plant (Mich.).
Midwest Chemical Depot (Ariz.).
Ogden Arsenal (Utah).
Pine Bluff Arsenal (Ariz.).
Rocky Mountain Arsenal (Colo.).
United States. Army. Chemical Warfare Service. Chemical Corps Biological Department.
United States. Army. Chemical Warfare Service Gas Defense Production Division.
United States. Army. Chemical Warfare Service Technical Division.
United States. Army. Chemical Warfare Service Training Division.
Virgo Chemical Plant (Ind.).
Western Chemical Center (Utah).
Yuma Test Station (Ariz.)
AIP-ICOS
National Archives and Records Administration. Office of the National Archives. 8th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20408, USA