The collection contains correspondence, memoranda, reports, grant proposals, preprints, minutes, clippings, appointment books, and other papers, as well as photographs, photograph albums, transparencies, and reel-to-reel film. Includes materials relating to Goldberg's career as a scientist, researcher and university professor. The subject content of the collection primarily concerns astronomy, radio astronomy, and astrophysics. Included are materials relating to research; national scientific policy; international cooperation in astronomy and space research; solar research and spectral analysis; space history and research; telescopes and observatories, including Goldberg's directorship of the Harvard College Observatory and the Kitt Peak Observatory; human rights; scientists and scientific societies and organizations, such as the International Astronomical Union (IAU) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); professional awards and recognition; and scientific publications, including the Annual Review of Astrophysics and Astronomy, of which Goldberg was an editor.