This volume explores the cross-linkages between the kinetic processes and macroscopic phenomena in the solar atmosphere, which are at the heart of out current understanding of the heating of the closed and open corona and the acceleration of the solar wind. The focus lies on novel data, on theretical models that have observable consequences through remote sensing, and on near-solar and inner-heliosphere observations, such as anticipated by the upcomming Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe missions, which are currently developed by the international community.